The necessity of an exchange of views between representatives of academic and scientific centers from many countries on a wide range of issues relating to Iberoamerican region can not be overemphasized. At this difficult historical moment, it is important to understand clearly all the risks and opportunities  of international dialogue that can prevent a rollback from cooperation to the times of the cold war. Spain, acting within the EU, strives for to reduce tensions, wishing to build a Spanish-Russian relationship on a mutually beneficial basis, since both sides suffer from the growth of distrust and the restriction of exchanges. Clear prospects for cooperation between Russia and Spain exist in the struggle against common threats: terrorism and international crime, which are grieving for both countries. The problems that exist between countries should be resolved through dialogue, implementation of agreements, reached with the participation of all interested parties.

The article deals with the major political problems of Latin America recently: the right drift, the conflict potential of political systems leading to the so called “divided power” (conflict between the Executive and Legislative branches of government), the function of the judicial power etc.

Spain and Portugal – Iberian neighbors joined by the peninsular geography and disjoint by historical avatars. The Middle Ages were riddled with wars, domination and mutual resistance. The 16th century is characterized by marine splendor and territorial expansion of both nations that for the dynastic reasons lived through a controversial period of “Iberian Union” (1580–1640). In later times they had many coincidences: political and economic decline in the 17-18th centuries, fruitless revolutions of liberal court in the 19th century, fall of monarchies and existence of dictatorial regimes in the 20th century. In an almost simultaneous way (in the middle of the 70s) both countries initiated the transition towards democracy. From the 1st of January, 1986, Spain and Portugal turned into partners in the European space. At present Spain and Portugal are two of the European associates with major economic integration. Nevertheless, controversies as for maritime delimitation, ecology, shared use of water, energy, railway networks and road infrastructure exist between them. Despite a significant approach in many spheres it is not an easy matter to forget the traditional mistrust. Still there persists a suspicion of the Portuguese towards the Spanish and the Spanish indifference towards Portugal.

In this article, the Author uses the concrete case of Antonio Perez, the ex-secretary of the king Philip II of Spain, to demonstrate the course of the Spanish state formation and the integration of the Law and State with its problems and contradictions. The object of this study is to research the mentioned process in theory and in reality, because they are different. In theory, the process of the State formation comes to its end in the epoch of the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella governing. Later, in the epoch of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Spain was the Empire yet. However, in the epoch of Philip II the unity and integrity of the new sate are in danger, because the case of Antonio Peres demonstrates that customary law as fueros, privileges and time-honoured traditions are able to survive the political and legal processes.

The article examines the important role which played in the history some European monarchs in the IX–XVIII ages. These kings and queens took part in the activities of the community of translators and interpreters. Their work was connected not only with the organization of the translator’s job in their countries (England, Spain, Russia), but with doing by these kings and queens translations from the foreign languages to mother tongues. The article pays special attention to the personality of the Spanish king Alfonso X Sage who opened at the XIII age the second stage of the famous Translator’s School in Toledo, placed at the head of its activities and added originality to the translator’s education and the art of translation, expanded genre fan of the translated works. The author describes the history of English version of Jacob’s translation of Bible, which always was object emblematic for many generations of translators.

This article aims to provide, through the analysis of the Mexican proverb, the language attitude towards children, how over the centuries the society perceived them, what they considered important for their education and development and how this attitude is reflected today, because infants are not only the mirror of society, but also and above all, their future; on this matter emanates the importance of this work.

The article contains the analysis of the ways of expression of desire modality using functional-semantic approach. This approach, being productive in modern linguistic methodology is able to provide research strategy of semantic and functional properties of language units. Problems of desire modality are of great interest to modern linguistics. The author examines topical issues of functionalsemantic grammar, with an emphasis on functional-semantic category of desire.

Two images of Spain, “España Negra” and “España blanca” are examined in the historical context, based on the works of two painters, Ignacio Zuloaga (1870–1945), and Joaquín Sorolla (1863–1923). Two different artistic ideas about the destiny of the country reflect a search for national identity: the Being of Spain, which intensified in Spain after the “disaster” of 1898. These visions are related to the reflections of the intellectuals named Generation 98. Zuloaga presents a perception of the national image in the dilemma of what to do: “Europeanize” Spain, or leave it patriarchal, preserving traditions, genuine values, the “life against reason”. La “España blanca” appears in the paintings of the impressionist Joaquin Sorolla, whose pictures are full of light, sun, hope, and joy. His works can be linked with the thesis of Ortega-and-Gasset about the opening of Spain to the world, the need to “achieve a synthesis of life and reason”, to reconcile the “two Spains”.

The dualism of impressions and ideas on Spain, both in the sense of art as well as in the historical and social sense, is the tonic in the interpretation of the way of the country and its development, which determines its image also in the present. The paintings of Zuloaga and Sorolla are read as historical texts, and reveal many signs that can be hidden in literary or philosophical works.

The category of animacy is the expression in grammar of the opposition between animate and inanimate beings. This category does not grammaticalize in every language and, even if it does, it almost never grammaticalizes in the same way. To show this, I will analyze here the animacy effects in two languages, which seem to grammaticalize in similar ways (Spanish and Russian). In these two languages, animacy mainly affects differential object marking (the so-called DOM). Unlike other European languages, both Russian and Spanish make use of DOM for animate objects (Veo a mi amigo / Я вижу своего друга), but there are independent factors that distinguish the Russian and the Spanish patterns. Having in mind the difficulties that learners of Russian and Spanish must face, I will offer a brief comparative of the acquisition of the DOM in these two languages by different types of speakers (speakers of L1, heritage language speakers and speakers of L2).

The article deals with the learning material for such kind of classes in non-linguistic University as home reading. Best-sellers are considered to be suitable literary material for these purposes. The objective of the study is to prove the inaccuracy of the traditional point of view that defends the so-called canonical texts (classics) as the only basis for learning foreign languages. A separate issue here is the specific nature of the Moscow State University for International Relations that specify the sources for reading in the foreign language when they can differ from those of other universities. On the other hand, student motivation stands out as one of the key points when choosing reading material.

Taking examples from the novels of the Spanish authors Arturo Pérez-Reverte and Eduardo Mendoza, we expose their didactic usefulness as they represent cultural, historical and linguistic interest, despite all the pessimism on the subject of the advocates of pure classical literature, the artistic value of which is certainly indisputable.

In conclusion we advocate the wider use of high-quality best-selling books to teach the Spanish language in home reading classes.

At the end of 2009 the Royal Spanish Academy published the “New Grammar of the Spanish Language”, the first academic grammar since 1931. It is a collective, pan-hispanic, descriptive, normative, synthetic and practic grammar that combines traditions and innovations in the field of norms and standards. In the article we analyze new tendencies in the category of gender of Spanish animate nouns referred to persons in the “New Grammar of the Spanish Language” and nonsexist language critics. We studied different guidelines for non-sexist use of language published by state authorities and famous feminists. The Royal Spanish Academy refused to eliminate the generic masculine considering it to be an integral part of the language system, but it amplified the category of gender-specific job titles.

In the second half of the XIX century, by the time that Independence was proclaimed in a number of Latin American countries, a new enlightened class had taken shape in the big cities of the region, differing from their predecessors due to their autonomy concerning the authorities. Despite the existing ideological differences, the common mission of the so-called “lettered city” was to create  a “symbolic map” of the new republics, attributing cultural meanings to the vast and heterogeneous space of their native lands. The main source of the article is a classical text by the educator and statesman of Argentina, Domingo F. Sarmiento (1811–1888) “Facundo: Civilization and Barbarism” (1845). The method of thesaurus analysis developed by Russian culturologist Vladimir Lukov allows to define the intricate relation between the Self and the Other in the writer’s polarized worldview that eventually set the basis of the Argentine national identity.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the linguistic means of expressing the retranca – the subtle humour which is considered to be typical of the Galicians – in the music parodies by the project “Páramo Pictures”, whose video clips have become rather famous in the region during the last five years.

The study method we apply is based on the linguo-stylistic, cultural and semiotic analysis of the audiovisual text.

The songs, which “Páramo Pictures” choose to parody, are usually recent hits that have well-known video clips: “Despacito” by Luis Fonsi, “Súbeme la radio” by Enrique Iglesias, “Wrecking Ball” by Miley Syrus, etc. They film new videos trying to reproduce the elements of the original plot, but adapting both the lyrics and the scenery to rural Galicia.

The success of the project can be explained by the perfect use of all the elements of the audiovisual text, stereotypes about rural Galicia, and – in terms of linguistics – of the wordplay and the homophonic translation, all of which shows the effective interaction of the analogy and the contrast, two essential components of the genre of the parody.

The topics of the present investigation are examination of the differences and coincidences of the punctuation rules in Spanish and Russian, presentation of the punctuation marks characteristics of the texts of different speech styles, analysis of their important paper in the SFL.

The relevance of this work is based on the social phenomenon when the young people are united in the groups according to their liking, preferences, hobby. The young people represent an important part of our society,  they have their culture, dress code, stile of haircut, conduct and mode to communicate on verbal or not-verbal way. All of us have this period in our life when we fill us associated or not associated to some actual subculture. That is why I am interested in the study of the panorama of the subcultures and their languages, or slang.

The article is about one of the most popular festivities in Spain, namely, Valencian “Fallas”. This feast has formed over the course of several centuries and includes a lot of rites and ceremonies, so expressive and artistic that in 2016 UNESCO ascribed to it the status of Intangible Cultural Heritage of mankind.

The article analyzes basic approaches to defining the notion “ideologeme” and its role in contemporary media discourse. The study focuses on such linguistic forms of expression the meaning which eventually turn into the representation  of ideology by language means – ideologeme. The article gives not only a review of ideologeme classifications which have been applied in Russian science, but also represents a range of ideologemes recently detected in media texts of Spain and the UK.