On the eve of the 90th anniversary of the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, interest in the events of 1936–1939 has noticeably intensified in Russia, which has been reflected in the publication of several translated works devoted to this subject. These books primarily focus lies on issues of historical memory and attitudes toward the past. The work of Paul Preston «Spain in Flames» enables readers not only to become acquainted with the basic chronology of those events, but also to engage with historiographical debates concerning the causes of the conflict, foreign intervention, and the scale of repression. Fiction literature, in turn, allows Russian readers to engage more deeply with the emotional experiences that the memory of the Civil War evokes in Spanish society. In the novels of Javier Cercas, Paloma Sánchez-Garnica, Antonio Muñoz Molina, and María Zaragoza, the conflict is portrayed through the lives of ordinary people who endured violence, exile, fear, and the destruction of their familiar world. A common feature of these works is their effort to preserve the memory of the defeated, the exiles, and the victims of repression, whose experiences remained marginalized within the official historical narrative for decades. Contemporary literature on the Spanish Civil War performs not only an artistic but also an important social function, serving as a means of reflecting on historical trauma and resisting oblivion.