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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cuadernos</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ибероамериканские тетради</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cuadernos Iberoamericanos</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-3416</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2409-3416-2025-13-2-37-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cuadernos-686</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИБЕРОАМЕРИКА: ПРОСТРАНСТВО И ПРЕДМЕТНЫЙ МИР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IBERO-AMERICA: SPACE AND MATERIAL WORLD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О работе натуралиста в лесах Южной Америки в начале ХХ века (к статье И.Д. Стрельникова «В лесах Бразилии»)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the Work of a Naturalist in South American Forests in the Early 20 Century (Concerning the Article by Ivan D. Strelnikov «In the Forests of Brazil»)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6137-0476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соболева</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soboleva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Станиславовна Соболева, канд. ист. наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Soboleva, PhD (History), Senior Researcher</p><p>199034, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Universitetskaya embankment, 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soboleva@kunstkamera.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Музей антропологии и этнографии имени Петра Великого (Кунсткамера) РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Academy of Science’s Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (The Kunstkamera)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соболева Е.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соболева Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soboleva E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/686">https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/686</self-uri><abstract><p>Пятеро молодых ученых, участников Второй Русской экспедиции в Южную Америку 1914–1915 гг., отправились в путешествие на далекий континент, мечтая познать жизнь в мощи ее проявлений по богатству и величию форм, красок мира растений и животных. Они жаждали познать истоки духовного развития человека, контактируя с первобытными племенами, обитавшими в труднодоступных и отдаленных районах джунглей. Натуралисты И.Д. Стрельников и Н.П. Танасийчук провели в Бразилии, Парагвае и Боливии почти 20 месяцев, большей частью в тропических лесах, порой в трудных и опасных для жизни условиях, выполнили научные исследования, собрали этнографические, зоологические и ботанические коллекции для русских музеев. Более восьми месяцев они занимались исследованиями на научной станции Пуэрто-Бертони в Парагвае. Постоянной темой в их дневниках проходит тема выживаемости и адаптации человека в условиях тропической природы. По возвращении в Россию ученые пропагандировали необходимость продолжения научного изучения Южной Америки, начатое экспедицией Г.И. Лангсдорфа 1821–1828 гг. Обстоятельства Первой мировой войны и Русской революции не позволили обработать в полной мере и опубликовать результаты этнографических, зоологических и ботанических изысканий. Позднее И.Д. Стрельников в рукописи «В лесах Бразилии» описал свои ощущения и восторг от мира девственной природы южноамериканского континента. Дневниковые записи Стрельникова, недавно поступившие в Кунсткамеру, публикуются впервые.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Five members of the Second Russian Expedition to South America (1914–1915) spent most of their time there in remote and inaccessible areas. They dreamed of knowing life in the greatest power of its manifestations, in the richness and greatness of forms, colors of the world of plants and animals; they longed to know the origins of the development of human spiritual life getting into contact with primitive tribes in remote areas of the tropical jungle. Naturalists Ivan D. Strelnikov and Nikolai P. Tanasiychuk stayed in Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay for almost 20 months, sometimes in difficult and life-threatening conditions, conducted scientific research, collecting exhibits for Russian museums. For more than eight months, they worked at the Puerto Bertoni science station in Paraguay. Human survival and adaptation to tropical conditions is a constant topic in their diaries. In Russia, they promoted the continuation of the scientific study of South America. The circumstances of the First World War and the Russian revolution did not allow them to fully process and publish all the results of their ethnographic, zoological and botanical research. Later Ivan D. Strelnikov in the manuscript «In the forests of Brazil» expressed his impressions and delight at the world of the virgin nature of the South American continent. Strelnikov’s diaries, which his family recently sent to the Kunstkamera of St. Petersburg, are published for the first time.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Вторая Русская экспедиция в Южную Америку 1914–1915 гг.</kwd><kwd>Стрельников Иван Дмитриевич</kwd><kwd>Танасийчук Николай Парфентьевич</kwd><kwd>тропическая природа</kwd><kwd>исследования</kwd><kwd>музеи</kwd><kwd>публикации</kwd><kwd>дневники</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Second Russian expedition to South America 1914–1915</kwd><kwd>Strelnikov Ivan Dmitrievich</kwd><kwd>Tanasiychuk Nikolai Parfentievich</kwd><kwd>tropical nature</kwd><kwd>investigations</kwd><kwd>museums</kwd><kwd>publications</kwd><kwd>diaries</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скрябин К.И. 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