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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cuadernos</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ибероамериканские тетради</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cuadernos Iberoamericanos</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-3416</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2409-3416-2024-12-3-58-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cuadernos-643</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИБЕРОАМЕРИКА: ТРАДИЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IBERO-AMERICA: TRADITIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Традиционные черты испанской сказочной прозы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Traditional Features of Spanish Folktales</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баканова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Валентиновна Баканова, канд. филол. наук, доцент кафедры иберо-романского языкознания,</p><p>119991, Москва, ГСП-1, улица Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 51.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Bakanova, Ph.D. (Philology), Associate professor of the Department of Iberian Romance Linguistics,</p><p>119991, Moscow, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory str., 1-51.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asia_sim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баканова А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баканова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakanova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/643">https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/643</self-uri><abstract><p>Сказочная проза занимает важное место в фольклорном наследии испанского народа. Тексты сказок сохраняют отголоски древней мифологической картины мира и накопленный веками опыт народа. В испанском языке используется термин cuento в сочетании с прилагательными: cuento folclórico, cuento popular, cuento tradicional. Среди традиционных черт сказки можно выделить следующие: краткость прозаической формы, установка на вымысел, размытость хронотопа, статичность героев, композиционная стройность, богатый традиционными формулами и мнемоническими приёмами язык. Наиболее ранними считаются сказки о животных, позже возникли сказки волшебные и бытовые. Испанские фольклористы выделяют также новеллистические (novelescos), анекдотические (chistes y anécdotas), поучительные (ejemplares y morales), религиозные (religiosos), формульные, докучные (de formulas fijas, de nunca acabar). Интерес исследователей к сказочной прозе возрос в XIX в., благодаря деятельности костумбристов и позитивистов был собран богатый фольклорный материал. Филологическое изучение испанских сказок начинается со сборников А.М. Эспиносы. Испанские сказки о животных и волшебные сказки демонстрируют сходство с текстами европейской традиции, первые — поскольку часть сюжетов пришла из Античности и средневекового бестиария, вторые — в силу особенностей композиционного строения, исследованного В.Я. Проппом. Язык испанского фольклора богат формульными элементами. Инициальные формулы открывают мир сказок, медиальные — служат развитию сюжета, а финальные — подчеркивают вымышленность ситуации. Отдельный интерес представляют докучные сказки, целью которых является развлечение слушателей. Испанский национальный компонент в большей степени представлен в сказках бытовых, где нашли отражение традиционные занятия, особенности быта, вопросы морали и народный юмор.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traditional folktales are an essential part of the Spanish folklore heritage. Folktales have echoes of the ancient mythological worldview and people’s experience accumulated over centuries. In Spanish, the term cuento is used in combination with the following adjectives: cuento folclórico, cuento popular, cuento tradicional. The traditional features of a folktale include a concise prosaic form, fantastical elements, a special chronotope, static characters, a fixed composition, language rich in traditional elements and mnemonics. Animal tales are considered the most ancient, then other types of folktales arose. Spanish folklorists distinguish such genres as cuentos novelescos, cuentos maravillosos, cuentos humanos varios, chistes y anécdotas, cuentos ejemplares y morales, cuentos religiosos, cuentos de nunca acabar, cuentos de fórmulas fijas. Spanish researchers’ interest in folktales grew in the 19th century, when a substantial body of folklore was accumulated thanks to the work of costumbrists and positivists. The philological study of Spanish folktales begins with the collections of A.M. Espinosa. Animal tales, as well as magical ones, are similar to the texts of the European tradition. The former often have a plot derived from antiquity and medieval bestiaries, while the latter share a unique compositional structure analyzed by V. Propp. The language of Spanish folklore is rich in formulas. The initial formulas open the world of the folktale, the intermediate ones serve to develop the plot, and the final ones emphasize the fictional features of the story. Household tales highlight national peculiarities the most as they depict traditional Spanish occupations and details of everyday life, explore moral issues and popular humor.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>испанский язык</kwd><kwd>испанский фольклор</kwd><kwd>сказочная проза</kwd><kwd>волшебные сказки</kwd><kwd>сказки о животных</kwd><kwd>бытовые сказки</kwd><kwd>новеллистические сказки</kwd><kwd>традиционные формулы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Spanish</kwd><kwd>Spanish folklore</kwd><kwd>folktales</kwd><kwd>magical tales</kwd><kwd>animal tales</kwd><kwd>household tales</kwd><kwd>novelistic tales</kwd><kwd>traditional formulas</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Азадовский М.К. (1958) История русской фольклористики, Москва, Учпедгиз, 480 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azadovskiy M.K. 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