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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cuadernos</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ибероамериканские тетради</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cuadernos Iberoamericanos</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-3416</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2409-3416-2024-12-1-210-222</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cuadernos-608</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВО И ЯЗЫК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIETY AND LANGUAGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения соотношения национальной и территориальных идентичностей в современной Испании</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the Correlation Between National and Territorial Identities in Contemporary Spain</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-3062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Владимирович Баранов, д-р полит. наук, д-р ист. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры политологии и политического управления,</p><p>350040, Краснодар, ул. Ставропольская, 149.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Baranov, Doctor of Political Science, Doctor of History, Professor at Political Science and Political Management Department,</p><p>350040, Krasnodar, Stavropolskaya str., 149.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranovandrew@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>210</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранов А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/608">https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/608</self-uri><abstract><p>Изменения соотношения между национальной и территориальными идентичностями в современном испанском обществе стали важным фактором трансформаций политической системы, роста тенденций сецессионизма. С точки зрения социального конструктивизма формирование и степень популярности идентичностей являются производными от целенаправленной деятельности акторов политики. На основе анализа результатов анкетных опросов и заявлений политических партий установлено, что в Испании за период с 2011 по 2023 г. происходит умеренное ослабление исключительной национальной идентичности при сохранении преобладания дуальной (сложносоставной) идентичности и росте популярности исключительной региональной идентичности. Причины ослабления национальной идентичности — ослабление доверия общегосударственным институтам, ценностям и историческим символам гордости вследствие противоположных целей политики идентичности Каталонии и Страны Басков в сравнении с центральной властью. Играет негативную роль в ослаблении национальной идентичности и интеграция Испании в Европейский союз. Выявляется взаимосвязь между предпочтением национальной или региональной идентичности, а также мнением респондентов об идеальном территориальном устройстве Испании. Национальную идентичность в наибольшей степени предпочитают сторонники правых партий, лица среднего и пожилого возраста, монархисты. Среди факторов выбора идентичностей испанцы указывают на язык как первоочередное влияние, далее по убывающей — гражданство, религия, гендер, социальный класс, автономное сообщество. 21 % респондентов по стране и более чем 43 % — в Каталонии, Стране Басков и Наварре, которые составляют ареал повышенных рисков сецессии, воспринимают региональную и местную идентичности в 2023 г. как соперниц испанской национальной идентичности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Changes in the correlation between national and territorial identities in contemporary Spanish society have become a major factor behind the transformation of the political system and the rise of secessionist tendencies. Social constructivism argues that political actors purposefully determine the way identities are formed and how popular they are. Surveys and statements by political parties show that between 2011 and 2023 Spain saw exclusive national identity grow weaker to a certain extent and exclusive regional identity gain ground, while dual (composite) identity remained prevalent. A weaker national identity stems from the eroded credibility of national institutions, values and historical symbols of pride which, in turn, results from the opposite goals that identity policies of Catalonia and the Basque Country on the one hand and those of Spain’s government on the other pursue. Spain’s integration into the European Union has also taken a toll on national identity. A preference for national or regional identity closely correlates with respondents’ view of Spain’s ideal administrative division. Supporters of right-wing parties, middle-aged and elderly citizens, as well as monarchists express the strongest preference for national identity. Spaniards cite language as a crucial factor in shaping identity choice, with other factors being nationality, religion, gender, social class, autonomous community, ranked in order of importance. In 2023, 21 % of respondents all over Spain and over 43 % in Catalonia, the Basque Country and Navarre, where secession risk is high, perceive regional and local identities as rivals of Spanish national identity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>национальная идентичность</kwd><kwd>территориальные идентичности</kwd><kwd>соотношение</kwd><kwd>современная Испания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>national identity</kwd><kwd>territorial identities</kwd><kwd>correlation</kwd><kwd>contemporary Spain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астахова Е.В. (2023) Испания как метафора. Москва, МГИМО-Университет, 287 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astakhova E.V. (2023) Ispaniya kak metafora. [Spain as a metaphor], Moscow, MGIMOUniversity, 287 p. 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