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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cuadernos</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ибероамериканские тетради</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cuadernos Iberoamericanos</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-3416</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2409-3416-2020-8-2-65-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cuadernos-404</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРСПЕКТИВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PERSPECTIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Позиция Европейского cоюза по вопросу каталонского сепаратизма</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>La postura de la Unión Europea frente al separatismo en Cataluña</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарычева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarycheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">makarycheva.a.v@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МГИМО МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макарычева А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарычева А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarycheva A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/404">https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/404</self-uri><abstract><p>Сепаратистские тенденции более характерны для Европейского Союза (ЕС), чем для всего остального мира. Данный факт объясняется прежде всего кризисом европейских ценностей, религиозной составляющей и новыми приоритетами. Намерение Каталонии, как и Страны Басков, вести прямой диалог с Брюсселем без участия Мадрида сопряжено с многочисленными трудностями: ключевое препятствие представляют недовольство и предупреждения со стороны испанского правительства в контексте необходимости учета Европейским Союзом официальных позиций государств-членов. Несмотря на то, что регионы стали занимать более видное место в повестке дня ЕС, руководство этого интеграционного объединения внимательно следит за положением автономий и не выступает в пользу сепаратизма. ЕС пытается ограничить активность и преобразование автономий в независимые государства, используя институциональные меры. Помимо этого, новое независимое государство не войдет автоматически в европейское пространство, поскольку перестанет быть частью ЕС и поэтому будет вынуждено решать ряд вопросов, таких как создание новой валюты и борьба с возможным экономическим кризисом, в дополнение к потенциальному недовольству снижением уровня жизни и социальными потрясениями. Все эти факторы влияют на принятие решений о референдуме, особенно когда речь заходит об оценке возможных последствий таких действий. Следует отметить, что при подобных обстоятельствах автономия будет с особой внимательностью подходить к вопросу о референдуме, в частности и потому, что данные шаги противоречат Конституции Испании.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Secessionist sentiments are more common for the European Union than for other world regions. This tendency takes place to a large extent because of a crisis in the European values and religious traditions, and new priorities. Catalonia, as well as the Basque Country, tries to hold a direct dialogue with Brussels bypassing Madrid, which is accompanied with numerous difficulties: a discontent and warnings on the part of the official government of Spain, the necessity for the European Union to take into consideration the position of its member-state and many others. Despite the fact that regions started to play a more significant role in the European Union agenda, it still continues to follow the policy of a cautious attitude towards the autonomy separatism. Moreover, the EU tries to limit capabilities of the further existence and development of autonomies as independent states by institutional means. In addition, after the separation, a state is not yet a member of the European Union – it has to create new currency, it faces some economic problems. Given all these factors, autonomies will think twice before organizing a referendum, which is also difficult to hold, because it contradicts the Constitution of Spain.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Каталонский национализм</kwd><kwd>Европейский cоюз</kwd><kwd>интеграционные процессы</kwd><kwd>референдум в Каталонии</kwd><kwd>сепаратизм в Испании</kwd><kwd>европейская дезинтеграция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nationalism in Catalonia</kwd><kwd>the European Union</kwd><kwd>integration and disintegration processes in Europe</kwd><kwd>separatism in Spain</kwd><kwd>referendum in Catalonia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fontelles, Josep Borrell, Francesc de Carreras, Juan-José López Burniol, and Josep Piqué. Escucha, Cataluña. 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