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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cuadernos</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ибероамериканские тетради</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cuadernos Iberoamericanos</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-3416</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2409-3416-2018-2-48-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cuadernos-295</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЗДЕЛ II. ИБЕРОАМЕРИКАНСКИЙ МИР В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ И ВРЕМЕНИ:АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЯЗЫКА И КУЛЬТУРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>La categoría de la animicidad y su aprendizaje en las gramáticas del español y del ruso</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The category of animacy and its acquisition in the grammars of Russian and Spanish</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Nerea</surname><given-names>Madariaga</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nerea</surname><given-names>Madariaga</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nerea.madariaga@ehu.es</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU<country>Испания</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Nerea M., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Nerea M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nerea M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/295">https://www.iberpapers.org/jour/article/view/295</self-uri><abstract><p>La categoría gramatical de la animicidad es la expresión en la gramática de la oposición entre seres animados e inanimados. Dicha categoría no gramaticaliza en todas las lenguas y, en las que lo hace, no lo hace casi nunca de forma exacta. Como muestra de este hecho, analizaremos los efectos de la animicidad en dos lenguas que gramaticalizan dicha categoría de forma similar, el castellano y el ruso. En estas lenguas, la animicidad afecta en especial al marcado morfológico diferencial del objeto directo. En ellas, a diferencia de otras lenguas europeas, coincide en principio la correlación del marcado diferencial con la categoría de animicidad para objetos animados (Veo a mi amigo / Я вижу своего друга), pero existen factores independientes que alejan al ruso del español en relación a este marcado diferencial. Teniendo en cuenta las dificultades que presenta esta categoría para los que aprenden ruso y castellano, se hará una breve comparativa entre la adquisición del marcado diferencial de objeto en dichas lenguas en distintos grupos de hablantes (hablantes de L1, semi-nativos o emigrantes, y hablantes de L2)</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The category of animacy is the expression in grammar of the opposition between animate and inanimate beings. This category does not grammaticalize in every language and, even if it does, it almost never grammaticalizes in the same way. To show this, I will analyze here the animacy effects in two languages, which seem to grammaticalize in similar ways (Spanish and Russian). In these two languages, animacy mainly affects differential object marking (the so-called DOM). Unlike other European languages, both Russian and Spanish make use of DOM for animate objects (Veo a mi amigo / Я вижу своего друга), but there are independent factors that distinguish the Russian and the Spanish patterns. Having in mind the difficulties that learners of Russian and Spanish must face, I will offer a brief comparative of the acquisition of the DOM in these two languages by different types of speakers (speakers of L1, heritage language speakers and speakers of L2).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>animicidad</kwd><kwd>adquisición</kwd><kwd>aprendizaje</kwd><kwd>atrición</kwd><kwd>ruso</kwd><kwd>español</kwd><kwd>ELE</kwd><kwd>RKI</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>animacy</kwd><kwd>acquisition</kwd><kwd>learning</kwd><kwd>attrition</kwd><kwd>Russian</kwd><kwd>Spanish</kwd><kwd>ELE</kwd><kwd>RKI</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kittilä, Seppo, Katja Vasti &amp; Jussi Ylikoski (eds.) 2011. Case, animacy and semantic roles. 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